Pressure feed fountain brush



March 13, 1951 F, PERWAS 2,544,857

PRESSURE FEED FOUNTAIN BRUSH Filed July 28, 1945 l 4 shee's-sheet 1 .9 fI INVENTOR.

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m mjw ATTRNEYS March 13, 1951 l.. F. PERwAs PRESSURE FEED FoUNTAlN BRUSH[4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July 28, 1945 ATTO RN SYS INVENTQR l WMS,

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jme/flaw@ Patented Mar. 13, 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PRESSUREFEED FOUNTAIN BRUSH Ludwig F. Perwas, New York, N. Y.

Application July 28", 1945, Serial No. 607,621

(Cl. 15-133)l 8i Claims..

My present invention', inl its broad aspect', has to do withimprovements in fountain tooth brushes, wherein the dentifrice isicontained i'n a reservoir in the handleV and' pressure means areprovided both for re-lling the reservoir and' discharging its contentsto the bristles of' the brush head for use. More particularly, it is mypurpose to provide improved means forr (1) attaching the brush head tothe handle, (2)', for regulating intake and discharge of dentifricethrough the brush head, and preventing leakage of dentifrice through thebrush head when the device is not in use, (35 for increasing andvdecreasing air pressure in the dentifrice receptacle for dischargingdentifrice from the receptacle, and reiling the receptacle, such meansincluding a pis'- ton device in an air pressure compartment andplurality of cooperating valves for regulating the operaton of thedevice and controlling the ow of air, and (ll), improving' theV meansfor retaining the brush head cap in place.

Other and eouall'y important objects and ad"- vantages o-f my inventionwill be apparent from the following description and drawings, and it ispointed out that changes in form, size, shape, materials andconstruct-'on and arrangement of parts is within the purview of my broadinventive concept and the scope of the appended claims,

In the drawings wherein I have shown preferred forms of my invention:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section partly fragmentary, and taken throughits greatest Width;

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section partly fragmentary, with the deviceturned 90 from Figure l, and through its lesser width;

Figure 3 is a detail side view showing the nut for attaching the brushhead and showing the attaching means for the cap;

Figure 4 is a section on. the line 4--4 of. Figure 1;

Fgure 5 is a section on the line 5--5 of Figure 1; n

Figure 6 is a section on the line 6 6 of Figure 1;

Figure 7 is a section on the line 'l-T of Figure 1,. showing the neutralposition with valves shut off;

Figure 8 is a section on the line 8 8 of Figure 1, showing the neutralposition with the valves shut ofi;

Figure 9 is a sectional detail of the piston and valves in position to'pump air into the dentifrice receptacle;

Figure 10 is a section on the line ytil-lo of Fig..-

2 ure 9,y with the piston cylinder turned to pump an: 1n;

Figure 11i isa fragmentary top plan View of the air pressure chamberwith the ports set to pump air into the dentifrice receptacle;

Figure' 12 is a section throughV the air pressure compartment showingthe piston and valvesl in position to pump air into' the dentifricereceptacle for discharge;

Figure 13 is a section through the air pressure compartment showing thepiston andi valves in position'to' pump air out of the dentifricereceptacle and into the air pressure chamber tov refill the dentifricereceptacle;

Figure 14 is a transverse section showingv the piston cylinder turnedandv the valves set tol pump air out of the air pressure chamber;

Figure 15 is a fragmentary top plan View of the air pressure chambershowing the ports set to pump air out;

Figure 16 is a View of the. valve seat of the valve for pumping air outof the air pressure chamber;

Figure 17 is a View of the valve seat of the valve for pumping air intothe air pressure chamber;

Figure 18 is a fragmentary longitudinal section showing a modified formofv piston and air valve structure;

Figure 19 is a'section on the line I`9l-I'9- of Figure 18; y

Figure 20 is a section on the line 2li-20 of Figure 18;

Figure 21 is a top plan view of the piston operating nut showing thespring pressed' valves Figure 22 is a detail of one of the attachingplates for the piston cylinder;

Figure 23 is a fragmentary view of they knurled surfaces showing thatall edges and crevices are rounded to prevent injury to the mouth uponcontact therewith.

Figure 24 is a sectional View on thev line 24-24 of Figure 25 showinganother modified form of the invention;

Figure 25 is a sectional View on the line 25-25 of Figure 24';

Figure 26 is a sectional View on the line 26-26 of Figure 25;

Figure 27 is an enlarged detail View of the packing gland;

Figure 28 is a bottom View of the piston and control therefor;

Figure 29 is an enlarged view of the piston control in operativeposition;

Figure 30 is a fragmentary front View of a modified valve strcture,` andFigure 31 is a fragmentary side view of the same.

In the drawings, wherein like characters of reference are used todesignate like or similar parts throughout the several views:

The numeral I designates a hollow, elliptical body, which functions onthe handle of my device, and which may be formed of plastic, and towhich is attached by a plastic weld 2 a conical head 3. The head 3 isannular-ly flanged as at 4 at its base, and a centrally located boss 5is provided on the base of the head which is formed with a bore 6 toreceive the spring 1 and head 8 of a valve 9, having a star shaped stemI6. The inner end of the wall of the boss is provided with opposedradial passages II that lead laterally through the boss to communicatewith the passage I2. The passage I2 is formed with a square enlargementas at I4 to receive the square straight part of the shank I5 of thebrush head-see Figure 5-which is formed with a bore I6 and a reduced tipI1 fitting in the passage I2 and beveled to provide a valve seat I8 forthe valve 9 which normally engages the seat I8 under pressure of spring1 to close the bore I6. Packing i9 is provided. The passage I2 is againenlarged as at 28 and threaded to receive a knurled nut 2l which has aconical depression 22 in its base to receive the split clamping member23-see Figures 1 and 4, which has flanged parts 24 engaging in a l,

groove 25 in the brush head shank I5. The member 23 engages a washer 26which presses on the packing 21. The brush head shank is curved at 28and leads into the head 29, has Ibristle tufts 30, and the bore I6 iscontinued into the head and communicates with a series of ports 3l inthe head between the tufts. A cap 32 having a plurality of openings 33is designed to cover and protect the brush, and ts down over the head 3.

To detachably hold the cap 32 on the head 3, I provide on the head latchmeans including a pair of countersunk opposed Iplates 33a held in placeby screws 34. Each plate has a beveled opening to receive a conical ballheaded latch 35. Each latch is pressed by a spring 36 in a cavity 31 inthe head 3 back of each plate. The latches 25 engage in depressions 38in the cap to removably hold the cap in place.

The opposite end of the body I is formed with an inwardly extendinghollow casing 39 having side walls 40 and an inner end wall 4I andconnected with the body by a web 42. The web 42 has an end channel toreceive a cap 43 which is removably held in place by conical ball headedlatches 44 pressed by springs 45 and retained by threaded countersunknuts 46 having conical openings 41 to seat the latches so that theydetachably engage in depressions in thecap to removably hold the cap inplace. The web 42 is formed with arcuate opposed recesses 48 to receivethe opposed ears 49 of a cylinder 5i), mounted in the casing 39 forlimited rotational movement. Substantially arcuate plates 5I areattached to the web by screws 52 over the recesses 48 and ears 4S tohold the cylinder in place, and springs 53 are provided in the ears andbearing against the plates to give a proper t, forces the gasket 65secured to the head of the cylinder 59 against the inner wall 4I. Theouter end of the cylinder has a removable head 54 retained in positionby a nut 54 which is formed with wrench openings 55, and a centralthreaded opening 56 to each side of which are opposed smaller openings51.

Mounted on the cylinder 5D is a piston 58 provided with a sectional rodformed with an exteriorly threaded part 59 and an interiorly threadedpart 66 received thereon so that the rod may be extended or reduced inlength. A knurled nut 6I is provided on part 66 which has a threadedreduced boss 62 engaging in the opening 56 in the head 54 so that byengaging the nut with the head the piston is held in its innermostposition as shown in Figure 1, but by detaching the nut, the piston maybe pulled out as shown in Figure 9.

As shown in Figures 12 and 13, the end 4I of the casing 39 is providedwith a pair of spring seated ball valves 63 and 64. These valves areopposed, valve 63 being an intake valve for air into the interior of thebody I, and valve 54 being an outlet valve for air from the body I. Agasket 65 is mounted on the head or the cylinder 50 beneath the valves.The rotatable cylinder 56 and gasket 65 have ports 66 and 61 adapted toselectively register with valves 64 and 63 and to lie between thevalves-as in the neutral position of Figures '1 and S-to close bothvalves. The cylinder 50 is rotated in one direction to open valve 63-asshown in Figures 13, 14 and 15-to release air from the body I, and inthe opposite direction to open valve 64 to allow air to enter the bodyIp--as shown in Figures 10, 11 and 12. The cylinder is rotated bygrasping the protruding end 68 with the ngers.

The piston 58 has two ball valves 69 and 16, which are opposed. Valve 69complements valve 64 and permits air to pass through the piston headtoward the piston rod, and valve 10 complements valve 63 and permits airto pass through the piston from the side having the rod to the oppositeside. Closure stems 'H and 12 are provided-one for valve 69 and theother for valve v1li. The stem 1I for valve 69-see Figure l-has a slot13 and iiange 14, and the stem 12 for valve 'l0- see Figure 16-has acup-shaped, or outwardly flared recess 15 and a ange 16. Each stem isthreaded at 11 to engage in threaded openings in the piston 58 and isknurled as at 18. The valve 16 has double ports 19 and valve 69 one port19a.

While it is believed that the operation and advantages of my inventionare apparent from the foregoing, it is pointed out that the receptacleor chamber 86 in the body I holds the dentifrice (not shown) whichis'dispensed to the brush bristles through the bore I6. The cylinder hasan air pressure compartment 8l above the piston, To ll my chamber withdentifrice, the nut 6I unscrewed and pulled out as in Figures 9, 12 and13, the cylinder 59 first having been turned from the neutral positionshown in Figures 7 and 8, to the position shown in Figures 10 and 13 sothat valve 64 is open through port 66. The piston is now drawn out andthe air in chamber 80 withdrawn to chamber 8l and the dentifrice suckedup into chamber 80 through bore I6 and channels II, the valve 9 havingbeen unseated by pressure on head 8 and against spring 1. The piston 58is now returned to its passive position as shown in Figure 1, stem 12having been turned to open valve 14 and the cylinder having beenreturned to the neutral position of Figures 7 and 8. To dispense thedentifrice, air pressure is built up in chamber 80 by turning thecylinder, and stems 1I and 12 to expel air from chamber 8I into chamber86 and the valves are placed in the positions shown in Figures 9, l2 and14, the piston having first been retracted by opening valve 16 byturning stem 12 and leaving the cylinder in neutral position. As

much Vor as little dentifrice maybe expelled as desired, .and after use,the piston is `each time returned to normal.

In Figures 18, 19, k20 and 2l., a modied form is shown in which thepiston 58 has a single :air channel 82 leading through the `sections 59aand 60a of the rod, and a ball valve 83 mounted on a plate :spring 84 isprovided to open and close vthe channel 82. The outer end of the channelhas a seat 85 and the spring is bent up as at `86 to .form a finger-nailgrip to swing the valve spring on the attaching screw 81. Opposed airslot 88 and key way 88' are provided on each side of the rod section 59.The operation and construction of the Iform of my device is simpliedthrough elimination of valves 69 and 10, stems 1| and 12. Otherwise, thepumping operation is the same as previously `indicated with theprincipal embodiment. The key way 88 locking the piston and sleeve in`order that the stem may be rextended and the head 54 is retained inposition by a snap ring 54a.

In Figures 24, 25, 26, 2'1, 28 and 29 a modied form is shown in whichthe pump unit housing 89 is attached to the hollow-elliptical body I bya plastic weld or similar means. To facilitate assemblying the body Iand housing `89, the housing is provided with a slotted upstandingcircular ring portion 90 ,formed on the end wall 92 of the housing 89which being of avsmaller diameter than the body is adapted to beinserted in the open end thereof and the vedge thereof contacts ashoulder 9| on the housing 89. It is at this point of assembly that theplastic weld is made resulting in an integral unitary structure.

The end wall 92 of the casing 89 is provided with a circular recess 93having extremely from opposite edges thereof arcuate recesses ,94 of thecircular control unit 96 which is received in the recess 93 for limitedrotational movement therein.

The control unit 96 is provided with an air passage 91 for the inwardnow of air and a passage 98 for an outward flow of air and thesepassages are aligned in operative positions with the valves 64 and 63respectively by the ears 95 and the control unit 96 has a circularrubber, cork vor other resilient material gasket 99 cemented thereto toform an air tight t between the unit 96 and the end Wall 92 of thehousing 89.

The control unit 96 is provided with a depending rod having a pivotedhandle |0| on the free end thereof and the air passages are moved Aintoand out of alignment by rotation of the rod |00 by means of the handle|0I.

Mounted for reciprocal movement within the housing 89 and on the rod |00is a piston |02. The piston is provided with an annular peripheralrecess |03 for the reception of packing |04 to make an air-tight fittingtherebetween.

At the medial point of the piston |02, there is provided a circularinternally threaded recess |05 and a smaller smooth walled recess |06having an opening |01 therein to conform to the rod |00. A packing ringI8 having contact on the inner side thereof with the rod |00 ispositioned in the recess |06 and is retained in position by a gland nutI 09 which is threadedly received in the recess |05. The upper surfaceof the nut |09 is provided with a circular recess I I0 to receive oneend of a compression spring I I I, the other end of which is received ina circular recess |I2 in the under surface of the control unit 96.r Thiscornpression spring I II forces the unit 96 into an airy '6 tightcontact 'within the recess 9,3 Iof the end wall 92.

The piston |02 lis .provided with a depending circular Yportion I I3 aitthe medial point of its under surface and the portion ||3 is providedwith an internally threaded bore I|4 to receive the complementarythreaded piston rod ||5 having a bore I |6 for reception of the rod |00.

The piston |02 has two lball valves 69 and 10 which are opposed. Valve69 complements valve 64 and opening 9'! in the control 96 and permitsair to pass therethrough when :in operative position, and valvecomplements valve 63 and opening 98 in the control 96 and permits air topass therethrough when in operative position. `Closure stems 1I and 12are provided one for valve 169 Vand the vother for valve 10. The stems1I and 1'2. being constructed as shown in Figures I6 and I 1respectively and the valve 10 has double ports 19' and valve 69 one port19a.

The lower end of the housing 89 is provided with a guide and anchorageplate ||1 which is retained in position by means of split wire retainingrings I'IS. The plate I I'I is provided with vertical yopenings I I9 toslidably receive the stems and 12, and an `opening |20 having aplurality oi"a'i1'slots I2I inwardlyv thereof which are yadapted toslidably receive the portion I3 of the piston The rod H5 has anexternally threaded reduced boss |22 engaging in the recess |23 which isformed in the depending internally threaded Acircular portion |24 of theplate |I1. A knurled knob |25 of larger circumference than the boss |22is provided on the end of the rod I I5 so. that by manipulating the knob|25 the piston |02 is held in its innermost position or the piston maybe pulled o-u-t as previouslyv described.

The housing 89v is provided with a cover |26 having the cavity |21formed therein and an upwardly extending reduced portion .|28 on theperiphery of the cavity |21 which is adapted for insertion into thehousing 89.

The cover |26 is pivotally hinged to the casing 89 by a hinge pivot pin|21 which is positioned in plate I|1 in the opening |28, the upper edgeof which is recessed at V| 29 to receive the head I 30 `of the pin |26.The lower end of the pin |21 is threaded for reception in the threadedbore |3| of the cover |26, a spring |32 positioned on the vpin |21contacts the under surface of the plate H1 and the upper edge of thecover |26 and thus forces the cover |26 downwardly into position tovpermit it being pivoted past 'the lower edge of the 'housing 89 for themanipulation of the piston rod I5. A spring clip |33 secured to acircular boss |34 in the cover |26 by screws |35 grasps the knob chamberand a piston chamber controlled by .operation of the unit 96 to permitair to enter or .leave as the piston |02 is reciprocated.

The operation of the modified form is the same as previously describedfor the forms shown in Figures 1 to 22 inclusive.

In Figures 30 and 31,. the head 3, flange 4, boss 5 having the cavity 6are the same as shown in Figure 1, but in this instance, the boss 5 isprovided With an opening |36 in the bottom thereof which permits thedentifrice |31 to enter and act on the tapered cylindrical oat valve|38, The

`7 end of the valve l38 will therefore engagethe valve seat I8 when thedentifrice expands due to climatic conditions and prevent the loss ofthedentifrice. The Valve |38 is provided on the lower end with a stem 139which is received in the opening |36 of the boss 5. The boss 5 isprovided with opposed radia1 passages Il led laterally through the bossto communicate with the passage l2 when the valve |38 is seated in theopening |36. Packing I9 is also used in this structure as shown inFigure l. Therefore, the float valve 38 has been substituted in Figures30 and 3l for the spring pressed valve 'l as shown in Figure 1,otherwise the operation of the device is the same.

As shown in Figure 25, the piston |82 is similar in contour to the innerwall of the chamber or housing 88. These parts may vary in form from arectangle with radius corners to an ellipse. A piston and chamber of anyof these forms permits a comparatively great amount of air to be forcedinto the dentifrice supply chamber, whereby to speed up the applicationof the dentifrice to the bristles of the brush.

Having described my invention, its objects, construction, advantages andoperation in detail, it is again emphasized that interpretation of itsscope should only be conclusive when made in the light of the subjoinedclaims.

I claim:

l. A fountain tooth brush dispensing means, comprising a hollowelongated body part forming a reservoir for dentifrice, a casing in thedentifrioe reservoir having an inlet valve and an outlet valve, arotatable air pressure cylinder in the casing having ports selectivelyregistering with the valves in the casing when the cylinder is turned, apiston in the cylinder for forcing air into the dentifrice reservoir orwithdrawing air from said reservoir, manually controlled intake andoutlet valves in the piston, and a pressure operated valve in thereservoir and normally closing a dispensing conduit to the body partwhen there is no pressure in the reservoir.

2. rEhe invention as defined in claim l, wherein the valves in thecasing are opposed pressed ball check valves, one being an inlet valveand the other an outlet valve, and Wherein the piston has opposed springpressed ball check valves, one being an inlet valve and the other anoutlet valve, and adjustable valve rods engaging said latter valves tomanually close or open the same.

3. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein the piston has asectional piston rod, one section being threaded on the other section, anut on the rod, a threaded extension on the nut engaging the cylinder toattach removably the nut thereon, and means ,for limiting the rotarymovement of the cylinder.

4. The invention as defined in claim lwherein the body is substantiallyelliptical in cross section, and wherein the piston valves have manuallyoperable valve control rods, a sectional eXtensible rod on the piston,and the valve rods being parallel with the piston rod and movable withthe piston to position a part thereof without the cylinder to be graspedfor manual operation.

5. A fountain tooth brush dispensing means, comprising a hollow body tocontain dentifrice and a brush head on the end of the body and having achannel within the head providing communicating means between the hollowbody and a remote portion oft he head,v a spring seatedpressure'operated valve in the body controlling 'passage of dentifriceto the channel of the head,

a removable cap on the other end of the body va centrally disposedtubular casing carried by the body and extended inwardly from the endthereof opposite to the end on which the brush :head is carried, an airpressure cylinder rotatably mounted in the said tubular casing in thebody, a .piston in the cylinder, and a plurality of valves, one set ofwhich is carried by the casing,l and another set carried by the piston,said cylinder formed with ports selectively registering with the rst setof valves when the cylinder is turned.

6. In a fountain tooth brush dispensing means,

comprising a hollow body to contain dentifrice,-

a tapered cylindrical pressure operated float valve in the bodycontrolling passage of dentifrice t0 a dispensing channel, a removablecap 'on the end of the body opposite to that in which the channel isYpositioned, a rotatable control unit in said body, means for rotatingv'said unit extended therefrom, a piston mounted in said unit, a casingcarried by the body for mounting said unit, and a plurality of valves,one set of which is carried by the casing and another set by the piston,and a plate in said casing formed with ports selectively registeringwith rst mentioned valves when the control unit is rotated.

' 7. In a fountain tooth brush, the 4combination 'which comprises anelongated substantially hollow tubular handle, a brush head having anoffset shank carried by one end of the handle, said shank of the brushhead having a passage theresaid piston having a stem extended from theend of the cylinder, a head including a disc with a knurled peripheralsurface carried by the end of the stem, a cap removably mounted on the'end of the handle covering the said nger gripping head of the stenrofthe piston, valves mounted in the inner end of the cylindrical casing,valves inthe piston, said cylinder having an opening in the end thereofpositioned to register with the valves in the inner end of thecylindrical casing alternately, and means adjusting the valves in thepiston.

8. In a fountain tooth brush, the combination which comprises anelongated substantially hollow tubular handle oval shape in crosssection, a brush head having an offset shank carried by the inner end ofthe handle, said shank of the brush head having a passage therethroughproviding communicatingrneans between the interior of the handle and thebrush head, a cap removably mounted on the inner end of the handleandpositioned to cover the brush head, a ow control valve in the innerend of the handle for controlling the amount of a dentifrioe passingthrough the said shank to the brush head, the casing extended into thesaid hollow tubular handle from the outer end thereof and havinganinletvalve and an outlet valve site or outer end of the handle forpumping l0 dentifrice from the handle to the brush head and for drawinga dentifrice through the brush head to the handle.

LUDWIG F. PERWAS.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 829,449 Whaley et al. Aug. 28,1906 1,235,351 McLaughlin July 31, 1917 1,299,487 Loeben Apr. 8, 19191,466,896 Frame Sept. 4, 1923 1,945,023 Cleveland et al. Jan. 30, 19342,107,242 Gates Feb. 1, 1938 2,405,681 Woock Aug. 13, 1946

